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1 Enoch

About this book

The First Parable

Chapter 38

1 The First Parable. When the assembly of the righteous appears, and sinners are judged for their sins and driven from the face of the earth, 2 and when the Righteous One appears before the eyes of the righteous,⁠ whose chosen deeds depend on the Lord of Spirits, and light appears to the righteous and the elect who dwell on the earth: where then will the sinners dwell, and where will those rest who have denied the Lord of Spirits? It would have been better for them if they had never been born.⁠ 3 When the secrets of the righteous are revealed, the sinners will be judged, and the godless will be driven from the presence of the righteous and the elect. 4 From that time those who possess the earth will no longer be powerful and exalted, and they will not be able to look on the face of the holy, for the Lord of Spirits has caused His light to appear on the face of the holy, the righteous, and the elect.⁠ 5 Then the kings and the mighty will perish and be given into the hands of the righteous and holy. 6 And from then on none will ask mercy from the Lord of Spirits for their life, for their life is at an end.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 38:2 and Acts 7:52

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · New Testament

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Summary

Acts 7 refers to Jesus as the “Righteous One”, a title that is a reference to the messiah in Jewish apocalyptic literature and appears in texts such as 1 Enoch 38, where the Righteous One is revealed to the righteous as the others are judged.

Passages

1 Enoch 38:2

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
1 The First Parable. When the assembly of the righteous appears, and sinners are judged for their sins and driven from the face of the earth, 2 and when the Righteous One appears before the eyes of the righteous, whose chosen deeds depend on the Lord of Spirits, and light appears to the righteous and the elect who dwell on the earth: where then will the sinners dwell, and where will those rest who have denied the Lord of Spirits? It would have been better for them if they had never been born. 3 When the secrets of the righteous are revealed, the sinners will be judged, and the godless will be driven from the presence of the righteous and the elect.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

Acts 7:52

New Testament
51 “You stubborn people, with uncircumcised hearts and ears! You are always resisting the Holy Spirit, like your ancestors did! 52 Which of the prophets did your ancestors not persecute? They killed those who foretold long ago the coming of the Righteous One, whose betrayers and murderers you have now become! 53 You received the law by decrees given by angels, but you did not obey it.” 54 When they heard these things, they became furious and ground their teeth at him.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Acts

References

"... There are other terms applied to Jesus in Acts that similarly reflect the author’s effort to convey what are likely authentic features of early Jewish-Christian discourse. Among these terms is “the righteous/just one” (ho dikaios), by which Jesus is designated in 7:52 and 22:14, and also in 3:14 in the slightly fuller expression “the holy and righteous one”. The use of the term with the definite article suggests that in these instances it is to be taken as a title and not simply an adjective. We probably have the term used also in 1 Enoch 38:2 (and also “the Righteous and Elect One” in 53:6) designating the messianic figure of the “Similitudes” in this composite book. This may mean that “the Righteous One” was, to some degree, in circulation in ancient Jewish messianic expectations, and so Jewish believers applied it to Jesus ..."
Larry W. Hurtado, Christology in Acts (Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias, 2012), 217–237.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 38:2 and Acts 7:52

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