1 Enoch

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Chapter 19

1 And Uriel said to me: 'Here shall stand the angels who have united with women, and their spirits, taking many different forms, are corrupting mankind and will lead them astray into sacrificing to demons as gods.⁠ Here they shall remain until the day of the great judgment when they will be judged and brought to an end.⁠ 2 And the women of the angels who went astray⁠ will become sirens.'⁠ 3 And I, Enoch, alone saw the vision, the ends of all things: and no man shall see as I have seen.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 19:1 and Jubilees 1:11

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions

Summary

Jubilees and 1 Enoch draw on and expand Deuteronomy 32, which refers to sacrifices made to demons, by incorporating it into their narratives about the rebellious Watchers and their negative influence on humanity.

Passages

1 Enoch 19:1

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

1 And Uriel said to me: 'Here shall stand the angels who have united with women, and their spirits, taking many different forms, are corrupting mankind and will lead them astray into sacrificing to demons as gods. Here they shall remain until the day of the great judgment when they will be judged and brought to an end. 2 And the women of the angels who went astray will become sirens.'

300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

Jubilees 1:11

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions

11 And they will make for themselves high places and sacred groves and carved images, and they will worship, each his own (carved image), so as to go astray, and they will sacrifice their children to demons, and to everything their misguided hearts devise. 12 And I will send witnesses to them, so that I may testify against them, but they will not listen, and will kill the witnesses also, and they will persecute those who seek the Torah, and they will discard and change everything so as to do evil before My eyes.

170–125 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jubilees

References

"... Jubilees may be alluding to the covenants God established with Israel’s ancestors and which—according to Jubilees—were the basis for such later festivals as Weeks and Booths. The sins that are listed next, making high places and [sacred] groves are stereotypical sins mentioned in Scripture (Deuteronomy 16:21; 23:25); it seems unlikely that these were a real problem in Jubilees’ day. The same is true of child sacrifice to the demons (mentioned in Deuteronomy 32:17) a practice which had likely ceased in Israel long before the time of Jubilees; compare 1 Enoch 19:1 ..."

James L. Kugel, A Walk through Jubilees: Studies in the Book of Jubilees and the World of Its Creation (Leiden: Brill, 2012), 23.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

1 Enoch108 chapters

Compare 1 Enoch 19:1 and Jubilees 1:11

Summary

Passages

1 Enoch 19:1

Jubilees 1:11

References

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