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About this book

1 Enoch

About this book

A Final Book by Enoch

Chapter 108

1 Another book which Enoch wrote for his son Methuselah and for those who will come after him, and keep the law in the last days. 2 You who have done good will wait for those days until an end is made of those who do evil and the power of the wrongdoers comes to an end. 3 You, however, wait until sin passes away; for their names will be erased from the book of life and from the books of the holy ones,⁠ and their offspring will be destroyed forever, and their spirits will be slain, and they will cry and lament in a place that is a chaotic wilderness, and they will burn in the fire; for there is no earth there.⁠ 4 I saw there something like an invisible cloud; because of its depth I could not look over it, and I saw a flame of fire blazing brightly, and things like shining mountains circling and sweeping to and fro. 5 I asked one of the holy angels who was with me and said to him: 'What is this shining thing? For it is not a heaven but only the flame of a blazing fire, and the voice of weeping, crying, and strong pain.'⁠ 6 He said to me: 'This place which you see is where the spirits of sinners and blasphemers are cast, and of those who do wickedness, and of those who pervert everything that the Lord has spoken through the mouth of the prophets, the things that will be. 7 For some of these things are written and inscribed above in heaven, so that the angels may read them and know what will happen to the sinners, and to the spirits of the humble, and of those who have afflicted their bodies and been rewarded by God, and of those who have been put to shame by wicked men. 8 They loved God and loved neither gold nor silver nor any of the good things in the world,⁠ but gave over their bodies to torture.⁠ 9 Since they came into being, they did not long after earthly food, but regarded everything as a passing breath, and lived accordingly,⁠ and the Lord tested them greatly, and their spirits were found pure, so that they should bless His name.⁠ 10 All the blessings destined for them I have recounted in the books. And He has assigned them their reward, because they were found to be such as loved heaven more than their life in the world,⁠ and though they were trampled underfoot by wicked men, and experienced abuse and reviling from them and were put to shame, yet they blessed Me. 11 And now I will summon the spirits of the good who belong to the generation of light, and I will transform those who were born in darkness, who in the flesh were not rewarded with the honor their faithfulness deserved. 12 I will bring out in shining light those who have loved My holy name, and I will seat each one on the throne of his honor.⁠ 13 They will shine for times without number, for righteousness is the judgment of God; for to the faithful He will give faithfulness in the dwelling of upright paths. 14 They will see those who were born in darkness led into darkness,⁠ while the righteous will shine brightly. 15 The sinners will cry aloud and see them shining, and they will indeed go where days and seasons are prescribed for them.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 108:12 and 1 Peter 5:4

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · New Testament

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Summary

In 1 Peter, the faithful are promised a crown of glory, a reward echoing 1 Enoch 108, where the righteous are brought into light and seated on thrones of honor. Both depict suffering as temporary, with vindication and exaltation for the faithful.

Passages

1 Enoch 108:12

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
11 And now I will summon the spirits of the good who belong to the generation of light, and I will transform those who were born in darkness, who in the flesh were not rewarded with the honor their faithfulness deserved. 12 I will bring out in shining light those who have loved My holy name, and I will seat each one on the throne of his honor. 13 They will shine for times without number, for righteousness is the judgment of God; for to the faithful He will give faithfulness in the dwelling of upright paths. 14 They will see those who were born in darkness led into darkness, while the righteous will shine brightly.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

1 Peter 5:4

New Testament
2 Give a shepherd’s care to God’s flock among you, exercising oversight not merely as a duty but willingly under God’s direction, not for shameful profit but eagerly. 3 And do not lord it over those entrusted to you, but be examples to the flock. 4 Then when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the crown of glory that never fades away. 5 In the same way, you who are younger, be subject to the elders. And all of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another because God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble. 6 And God will exalt you in due time, if you humble yourselves under his mighty hand
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Peter

References

"... Nickelsburg has been able to show considerable parallels between 1 Enoch 108, the very end of the Enoch corpus, and 1 Peter in general, including 1 Peter 3:18–22 in particular. For example, 1 Enoch 108 speaks of the spirits punished (verses 3–6) and this follows hard on the announcement in 1 Enoch 106:16–18 that Noah and his sons were saved. He notes the reference to perishable seed both in 1 Peter 1:23 and 1 Enoch 108:3. The reference to disdain for silver and gold in 1 Peter 1:7, 18 is like that found in 1 Enoch 108:8; the discussion of blessing and reproach in 1 Peter 3:9, 16; 4:4, 16 is like that in 1 Enoch 108:7–10; the discussion of exaltation in 1 Peter 5:4, 6 is similar to 1 Enoch 108:12; and the similarities in the discussion of righteous judgment in 1 Peter 1:17 and 2:23 should be compared to 1 Enoch 108:13. There is in addition the common use of Psalm 34 (see 1 Enoch 108:7–10 and compare 1 Peter 3:10–12). None of this is a surprise when we recognize that 1 Enoch is influential in various of these Jewish Christian eschatological works ..."
Ben Witherington, Torah Old and New: Exegesis, Intertextuality, and Hermeneutics (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2018), 399.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 108:12 and 1 Peter 5:4

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