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1 Enoch

About this book
Chapter 104

1 I swear to you, that in heaven the angels remember you for good before the glory of the Great One: and your names are written before the glory of the Great One.⁠ 2 Be hopeful; for previously you were shamed through suffering and affliction; but now you shall shine as the lights of heaven,⁠ you shall shine and you shall be seen, and the portals of heaven shall be opened to you.⁠ 3 And in your cry, cry for judgment, and it shall appear to you; for all your tribulation shall be visited on the rulers, and on all who helped those who plundered you. 4 Be hopeful, and do not cast away your hopes for you shall have great joy as the angels of heaven. 5 What shall you be obliged to do? You shall not have to hide on the day of the great judgment and you shall not be found as sinners, and the eternal judgment shall be far from you for all the generations of the world. 6 And now, do not fear, you righteous, when you see the sinners growing strong and prospering in their ways: do not be companions with them, but stay away from their violence; for you shall become companions of the armies of heaven. 7 And, although you sinners say: 'All our sins shall not be searched out and written down,' nevertheless, all your sins shall be recorded every day. 8 And now I show you that light and darkness, day and night, see all your sins. 9 Don't be godless in your hearts, and do not lie nor alter the words of uprightness,⁠ nor charge with lying the words of the Holy Great One, nor take account of your idols; for all your lying and all your godlessness do not result in righteousness but in great sin.⁠ 10 And now I know this mystery, that sinners will alter and pervert the words of righteousness in many ways, and will speak wicked words, and lie, and practice great deceits, and write books concerning their words. 11 But when they write down truthfully all my words in their languages, and do not change or diminish anything from my words but write them all down truthfully - all that I first testified concerning them. 12 Then, I know another mystery, that books will be given to the righteous and the wise to become a cause of joy and uprightness and much wisdom. 13 And to them the books will be given, and they will believe in them and rejoice over them, and then all the righteous who have learned from all the paths of uprightness will be recompensed.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 104:2 and 4Q184 1:8

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Dead Sea Scrolls, Wisdom and Instruction

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Summary

1 Enoch promises that the righteous will shine like heavenly lights and join the angels. In 4Q184 from the Dead Sea Scrolls, the wicked woman has no place among the shining ones, suggesting that she cannot share their life after death.

Passages

1 Enoch 104:2

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
2 Be hopeful; for previously you were shamed through suffering and affliction; but now you shall shine as the lights of heaven, you shall shine and you shall be seen, and the portals of heaven shall be opened to you. 3 And in your cry, cry for judgment, and it shall appear to you; for all your tribulation shall be visited on the rulers, and on all who helped those who plundered you. 4 Be hopeful, and do not cast away your hopes for you shall have great joy as the angels of heaven. 5 What shall you be obliged to do? You shall not have to hide on the day of the great judgment and you shall not be found as sinners, and the eternal judgment shall be far from you for all the generations of the world. 6 And now, do not fear, you righteous, when you see the sinners growing strong and prospering in their ways: do not be companions with them, but stay away from their violence; for you shall become companions of the armies of heaven.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

4Q184 1:8

Dead Sea Scrolls, Wisdom and Instruction · The Seductress
6 depths of the pit. Her lodgings are couches of darkness, and in the dead of night are her dominions. From the foundations of deep darkness 7 she pitches her dwelling, and she resides in the tents of silence, in the midst of everlasting burnings. She has no inheritance among all 8 the lights of brightness. She is the beginning of all the ways of iniquity. Woe, disaster to all who inherit her, and ruin to all 9 who hold on to her. For her ways are ways of death, and her paths are tracks of sin. Her trails lead astray
100–60 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 4Q184

References

“... These expressions do not describe the time of night when the woman stalks through city streets, as in Prov 7. It is the darkness of the underworld where she resides. 4Q184 elaborates the claim in Proverbs that the Strange Woman represents a path to death. The language of darkness and death is intensified with a more vivid description of Sheol than in Proverbs. [...] The affirmation that her domain is amidst the "eternal flames" is immediately followed by the statement that "none of her inheritance is among all who shine brightly [...] " (4Q184 1 7-8). 52 This suggests a form of astral immortality for the righteous after death, in a manner similar to Dan 12:3 and 1 En. 104:2-6 (cf. 1QM 1:8-9; Matt 25:41). 53 While those who are to enjoy a blessed afterlife are distinguished from the woman of 4Q184, those who are part of her allotment suffer punishment after death. ...”
Matthew J. Goff, Discerning Wisdom: The Sapiential Literature of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Leiden: Brill, 2007), 115.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 104:2 and 4Q184 1:8

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