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1 Enoch

About this book
Chapter 103

1 Now, therefore, I swear to you, the righteous, by the glory of the Great and Honored and Mighty One⁠ in dominion, and by His greatness I swear to you: 2 I know a mystery and have read the heavenly tablets,⁠ and have seen the holy books,⁠ and have found written and inscribed in them regarding them:⁠ 3 that all goodness, joy, and glory are prepared for them, and written down for the spirits of those who have died in righteousness, and that much good will be given to you in return for your labors, and that your lot is far beyond the lot of the living. 4 The spirits of you who have died in righteousness will live and rejoice, and their spirits will not perish,⁠ nor their memory from before the face of the Great One, through all the generations of the world; so no longer fear their scorn. 5 Woe to you, sinners, when you have died, if you die in the wealth of your sins, and those who are like you say about you: 'Blessed are the sinners; they have seen all their days. 6 And how they have died in prosperity and wealth, and have not seen trouble or murder in their life; they have died in honor, and judgment was not carried out on them during their life.' 7 Know that your souls will be made to go down into Sheol, and you will be wretched in your great tribulation. 8 Your spirits will enter into darkness and chains and a burning flame where there is grievous judgment; and the great judgment will be for all the generations of the world. Woe to you, for you will have no peace. 9 Do not say about the righteous and good who are alive: 'In our troubled days we have toiled hard and experienced every trouble, and met with much evil and been consumed, and have become few, and our spirit small. 10 We have been destroyed and have not found anyone to help us even with a word; we have been tortured and destroyed, and did not hope to see life from day to day. 11 We hoped to be the head and have become the tail;⁠ we have toiled hard and had no satisfaction in our toil;⁠ and we have become the food of the sinners and the unrighteous,⁠ and they have laid their yoke heavily on us.⁠ 12 They have ruled over us, those who hated us and struck us; and to those who hated us we have bowed our necks, but they did not pity us. 13 We wanted to get away from them so that we might escape and be at rest, but found no place where we could flee and be safe from them.⁠ 14 We complained to the rulers in our tribulation, and cried out against those who devoured us, but they did not attend to our cries and would not listen to our voice. 15 They helped those who robbed us and devoured us and those who made us few; and they concealed their oppression, and they did not remove from us the yoke of those who devoured us and scattered us and murdered us, and they concealed their murder, and did not remember that they had lifted up their hands against us.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 103:2 and Ephesians 1:9

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · New Testament

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Summary

Ephesians follows an apocalyptic tradition also found in 1 Enoch 103 where revealed mysteries give knowledge about divine plans. In 1 Enoch this comes from heavenly tablets, and Ephesians presents its message as a similar mystery.

Passages

1 Enoch 103:2

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
1 Now, therefore, I swear to you, the righteous, by the glory of the Great and Honored and Mighty One in dominion, and by His greatness I swear to you: 2 I know a mystery and have read the heavenly tablets, and have seen the holy books, and have found written and inscribed in them regarding them: 3 that all goodness, joy, and glory are prepared for them, and written down for the spirits of those who have died in righteousness, and that much good will be given to you in return for your labors, and that your lot is far beyond the lot of the living.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

Ephesians 1:9

New Testament
7 In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our offenses, according to the riches of his grace 8 that he lavished on us in all wisdom and insight. 9 He did this when he revealed to us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure that he set forth in Christ, 10 toward the administration of the fullness of the times, to head up all things in Christ—the things in heaven and the things on earth.
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Ephesians

References

"... This twinfold claim has analogies with other documents composed during the 2nd century BCE. A similar claim to have received the divine revelation of a “mystery” or “mysteries” is made, for example, in the Hodayot by the hymnist (i.e. 1QHa ix 15, x 15, xii 27, xv 30, xx 11–13) ... According to the Habakkuk Pesher, “all the mysteries of his servants the prophets” have been made known to the Teacher of Righteousness ... See further the claims made by the later pseudepigraphic author of 4 Ezra in 10:38, 12:38, and 14:5. Finally, the possession of secret knowledge is attributed to Jesus as he instructed his disciples (Mk. 4:11–12; Mt. 13:11; Lk. 8:10) and is claimed by Paul in relation to himself and his teaching (Rom. 11:25; 1 Cor. 2:1; 15:51; compare Eph. 1:9; 3:3–5, 9; 6:19; Col. 1:26; 2:2; 4:3) ..."
Loren T. Stuckenbruck, 1 Enoch 91–108 (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, 2007), 519–520.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 103:2 and Ephesians 1:9

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