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In Matthew, Jesus says every sin will be forgiven except blasphemy against the Spirit. In the Didache, an early church manual, the same saying covers anyone who tests or judges a prophet speaking in the Spirit, the one sin left unforgiven.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Didache 11:7
Early Christian
7 Do not test or judge any prophet who is speaking under inspiration, for every sin may be forgiven, but this sin will not. 8 Not everyone who speaks under inspiration is a prophet, but only one who has the ways of the Lord. You can distinguish a false prophet from a true one by his actions. 9 No prophet who orders a meal while in a state of inspiration should eat from it; if he does, he is a false prophet. 10 Any prophet who teaches the truth but does not practice what he preaches is a false prophet.
Matthew 12:31
New Testament
31 For this reason I tell you, people will be forgiven for every sin and blasphemy, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven. 32 Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven. But whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come.
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Notes and References
“... The saying about the unforgivable sin here may provide further evidence for some form of dependence by the Didache on Matthew. The evidence is very slight in extent, and the synoptic evidence is somewhat complicated. On the ‘standard’ Two Source theory, the passage constitutes a ‘Mark–Q overlap’. However, in so far as it is possible to determine the Q wording, Didache here appears to show agreement with Matthew’s redaction of Mark, rather than with the Q version. [...] Köster admits that the Didache is closer to Matthew than to the other synoptic versions here, but denies direct dependence in view of the lack of any significant features. However, it remains the case that such links as exist seem to be with features that are redactional in Matthew. ...”
Gregory, Andrew F.
The Reception of the New Testament in the Apostolic Fathers
(p. 108) Oxford University Press, 2005
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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