Texts in Conversation
The Gospel of Thomas, 2 Clement, and the Gospel of the Egyptians quoted by Clement of Alexandria all have Jesus say the two will be one and the male with the female neither male nor female, three versions of one saying that are hard to untangle.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Gospel of Thomas 1:22
Nag Hammadi
21 Mary said to Jesus, “Whom are your disciples like?” He said, “They are like little children living in a field that is not theirs. When the owners of the field come, they will say, ‘Give our field back to us.’ They take off their clothes in front of them to give it back and return their field to them. For this reason I say, if the owner of a house knows that a thief is coming, he will keep watch before he comes and will not let him break into the house of his kingdom and steal his goods. So you should keep watch against the world; gird your loins with great strength so that the robbers do not find a way to come to you, for the difficulties you expect will arise. Let there be among you a man of understanding. When the crop ripened, he came quickly with his sickle in hand and reaped it. Whoever has ears to hear should hear.” 22 Jesus saw infants being suckled. He said to his disciples, “These little ones being suckled are like those who enter the kingdom.” They said to him, “Then shall we enter the kingdom as little ones?” Jesus said to them, “When you make the two one, and when you make the inside like the outside and the outside like the inside, and the above like the below, and when you make the male and the female one and the same—so that the male will not be male and the female not be female—when you fashion eyes in place of an eye, a hand in place of a hand, a foot in place of a foot, an image in place of an image, then you will enter [the kingdom].” 23 Jesus said, “I shall choose you, one from a thousand and two from ten thousand, and they will stand as a single one.”
2 Clement 12:2
Early Christian
1 Let us therefore look for the kingdom of God without delay in love and righteousness, since we do not know the day of God’s appearing. 2 For the Lord Himself, being asked by a certain person when His kingdom would come, said, “When the two shall be one, and the outside as the inside, and the male with the female, neither male nor female.” 3 Now the two are one when we speak truth among ourselves, and in two bodies there shall be one soul without hypocrisy.
Date: 130-160 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
Clement of Alexandria, Stromata 3.13.5
Early Christian
But he departed from the school of Valentine. On this account he says: "When Salome ' asked when she would know the answer to her questions, the Lord said, When you trample on the robe of shame, and when the two shall be one, and the male with the female, and there is neither male nor female." In the first place we have not got the saying in the four Gospels that have been handed down to us, but in the Gospel according to the Egyptians. Secondly Cassia seems to me not to know that it refers to wrath in speaking of and to desire in speaking of the female.
Date: 195 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
“... In any discussion of apparent citations by the author of 2 Clement of materials in other gospels, we should also mention the case of 2 Clem. 12. 2, where again ‘Clement’ cites a saying of ‘the Lord’. Here, when asked when his kingdom is coming, the Lord ‘said’ [...]: ‘When the two shall be one, and the outside as the inside, and the male with the female neither male not female . . . then the kingdom of my father will come’ (2 Clem. 12. 2, 6). A very similar form of this saying in found in at least two other places. In the Gospel of Thomas, 22, there is another version of what appears to be the same basic saying: ‘Jesus said to them, when you make the two one, and when you make the inside like the outside and the outside like the inside, and the above like the below, and when you make the male and the female one and the same, so the male not be male nor the female female . . . then you will enter [the kingdom]’. And Clement of Alexandria cites a saying as from the Gospel of the Egyptians in similar vein: in a response to an enquiry by Salome, ‘The Lord said, when you tread upon the garment of shame, and when the two become one, and when the male with the female is neither male nor female . . .’) (Strom. 3. 13. 92). Although the three versions are not identical, they are close enough to be recognizably variants of the same basic saying. The situation regarding the relationship between the three versions is extremely complex. For present purposes, however, we may leave this example on one side, for it is clear that there is no real synoptic parallel to the substance of the saying. ...”
Gregory, Andrew F.
The Reception of the New Testament in the Apostolic Fathers
(p. 272) Oxford University Press, 2005
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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