Texts in Conversation
Romans and Matthew teach generosity and hospitality to all, regardless of status. In Romans, Paul requires sharing with those in need, while in Matthew, Jesus makes kindness to the hungry, stranger, and imprisoned a measure of final judgment.
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Romans 12:15
New Testament
12 Rejoice in hope, endure in suffering, persist in prayer. 13 Contribute to the needs of the saints, pursue hospitality. 14 Bless those who persecute you, bless and do not curse. 15 Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep. 16 Live in harmony with one another; do not be haughty but associate with the lowly. Do not be conceited. 17 Do not repay anyone evil for evil; consider what is good before all people. 18 If possible, so far as it depends on you, live peaceably with all people. 19 Do not avenge yourselves, dear friends, but give place to God’s wrath, for it is written, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay,” says the Lord.
Date: 55-58 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Matthew 25:35
New Testament
32 All the nations will be assembled before him, and he will separate people one from another like a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. 33 He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left. 34 Then the king will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. 35 For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, 36 I was naked and you gave me clothing, I was sick and you took care of me, I was in prison and you visited me.’ 37 Then the righteous will answer him, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you something to drink?
Date: 70-90 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... The concept that a person’s true possessions are what he or she gives away was known to Seneca, although Seneca would have advised a more judicious (from a worldly point of view) deployment of benefits than Jesus, who tells us to seek out those who have no means of repayment, so that God will repay us “at the resurrection of the righteous” (Luke 14:12-14). The striking vision of Matthew 25:31-46, in which the righteous are separated from the wicked on the basis of beneficence toward the needy, surprises the hearers and readers by asserting that providing food and clothing and comfort to the needy is the way to return the favor to the one who has given us all we need for our well-being and survival (gifts of food and clothing, for example; Matthew 6:11, 25-33). We have the opportunity to make a gracious return to our Lord and benefactor in the person of the poor or the oppressed. Especially in the letters of Paul we find a remarkable transformation of the cultural code of patronage. Monetary contributions and other forms of assistance or beneficence within the local church or between cells of the church universal remains a source of recognition and honor ..."
DeSilva, David A.
Honor, Patronage, Kinship & Purity: Unlocking New Testament Culture
(p. 152) InterVarsity Press, 2000
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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