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1 Enoch describes a 364-day astronomical calendar, tracking how far the moon falls behind the sun each year. In Jubilees, this tradition becomes a command, with a warning to Israel not to follow anyone who organizes time with the moon.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE

1 Enoch 74:12

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
10 When five years are combined, the sun accumulates an excess of thirty days, and all the days that accrue to it for one of those five years, when they are complete, amount to 364 days. 11 The excess of the sun and of the stars amounts to six days: in five years, six days every year come to 30 days, and the moon falls behind the sun and the stars by 30 days. 12 The sun and stars manage to synchronize over time, not advancing or delaying their position by even a day, but they complete the year perfectly just in 364 days. 13 In three years there are 1092 days, and in five years 1820 days, so that in eight years there are 2912 days.
Date: 300 BCE – 100 CE (based on scholarly estimates)

Jubilees 6:32

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
31 Thus it is engraved and ordained on the heavenly tablets. And there is no neglecting (this commandment) for a single year or from year to year. 32 And command the children of Israel that they observe the years according to this reckoning — three hundred and sixty-four days, and (these) will constitute a complete year, and they will not disturb its time from its days and from its feasts; for everything will fall out in them according to their testimony, and they will not leave out any day nor disturb any feasts. 33 But if they do neglect and do not observe them according to His commandment, then they will disturb all their seasons and the years will be dislodged from this (order), [and they will disturb the seasons and the years will be dislodged] and they will neglect their ordinances.
Date: 150–100 BCE (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References

#6150
... It was known already when Dillmann published the first modern translation and text of Jubilees that 364 as the number of days in a year was not unique to Jubilees, since the angel Uriel reveals a calendar of the same length to Enoch in 1 Enoch 72:32 (and through the entire chapter) as well as in 74:10, 12; 75:2; 82:6. As several passages in the astronomical chapters of 1 Enoch disclose, the writer is defending the thesis that the year consists of 364 days against others who advocate one of 360 days (with twelve months of thirty days each; 75:1-3; 82:4-7). 1 Enoch 72—82 and especially the Aramaic remains of the book (4Q208—211) show that the Enochic astronomical work devoted a great deal of attention to the moon and did not reject it from calendar calculations as Jubilees does. Moreover, the Enochic writer defines the length of the months in the 364-day calendar (and in the lunar one), unlike the author of Jubilees, who never explicitly indicates how long a month lasts. The calendar texts from Qumran demonstrate that, like Enoch, the writers used both a solar calendar of 364 days in a year (the number is stated and fully preserved in 4Q252 ii:3 and 11Q5 xxvii:5—6) and a lunar “year” of 354 days. ...
VanderKam, James C. Jubilees: A Commentary (pp. 44-45) Fortress Press, 2018

* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.

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