Texts in Conversation
The Greek Septuagint translation of Ezekiel promises that God will rescue Israel from lawless deeds, cleanse them, and make them his people. Titus uses the same verbs to describe what Jesus does through his sacrifice.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
LXX Ezekiel 37:23
Septuagint
22 And I shall make them a nation in my land and in the mountains of Israel, and they will have one ruler, and they will no longer be two nations, and no longer divided into two kingdoms, 23 that they should never again be defiled by their idols. And I will rescue them from all their transgressions by which they sinned, and I will cleanse them, and they will be a people for me, and I, the Lord, will be God for them. 24 And my servant David will be ruler in the middle of them, he will be one shepherd of all, because they will walk in my ordinances and keep my judgments and do them.
Titus 2:14
New Testament
12 It trains us to reject godless ways and worldly desires and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age, 13 as we wait for the happy fulfillment of our hope in the glorious appearing of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ. 14 He gave himself for us to set us free from every kind of lawlessness and to purify for himself a people who are truly his, who are eager to do good. 15 So communicate these things with the sort of exhortation or rebuke that carries full authority. Don’t let anyone look down on you.
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Notes and References
... Reflection on Christ’s death continues in Titus 2:14c, where the metaphor of “washing/cleansing” echoes another cluster of Old Testament covenantal texts linked to the preceding by the term anomia: “and to cleanse for himself a people of his own.” The new metaphor, “cleansing” (katharizō), leads some to think of baptism. But the sense is that of cultic purification, which the Old Testament already extended figuratively to describe God’s action of purifying his people, so that they may be his people. The “cleansing” imagery gives access to a catena of Greek texts from Ezekiel 36–37, already anticipated in the anomia of the last clause: Ezekiel 37:23: They will no longer defile themselves with their idols and vile images or with any of their offenses, for I will save them from all their sinful backsliding [apo pasōn tōn anomiōn autōn], and I will cleanse them [katharō autous]. They will be my people [esontai moi eis laon], and I will be their God ...
Towner, Philip H.
"1-2 Timothy and Titus" in Beale, G. K., and D. A. Carson, editors. Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament
(pp. 905-906) Baker Academic; Apollos, 2007
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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