Texts in Conversation
In 2 Samuel 17 and 1 Kings 22, royal advisors offer conflicting plans, and the wrong one is chosen each time, leading to ruin. Both show God allowing false advice to be believed. Absalom follows Hushai’s poor plan, and Ahab trusts prophets misled by a lying spirit, showing God using deception through intermediaries.
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2 Samuel 17:14
Hebrew Bible
13 If he regroups in a city, all Israel will take up ropes to that city and drag it down to the valley, so that not a single pebble will be left there!” 14 Then Absalom and all the men of Israel said, “The advice of Hushai the Arkite sounds better than the advice of Ahithophel.” Now the Lord had decided to frustrate the sound advice of Ahithophel, so that the Lord could bring disaster on Absalom. 15 Then Hushai reported to Zadok and Abiathar the priests, “Here is what Ahithophel has advised Absalom and the leaders of Israel to do, and here is what I have advised.
Date: 6th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)
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1 Kings 22:23
Hebrew Bible
22 The Lord asked him, ‘How?’ He replied, ‘I will go out and be a lying spirit in the mouths of all his prophets.’ The Lord said, ‘Deceive and overpower him. Go out and do as you have proposed.’ 23 So now, look, the Lord has placed a lying spirit in the mouths of all these prophets of yours, but the Lord has decreed disaster for you.” 24 Zedekiah son of Kenaanah approached, hit Micaiah on the jaw, and said, “Which way did the Lord’s Spirit go when he went from me to speak to you?”
Date: 6th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... what should we make of David’s prayer about the turning of Ahithophel’s counsel into folly? this is hardly satisfied by espionage. Are we not to see in Hushai’s tour de force the answer to the prayer, as Hushai egregiously spins a rope from sand, serving up a hilarious mix of earnest strategy and self-contradictory nonsense that commends itself to all but his rival? it is a “making foolish” in this sense that the theological statement in 17:14 picks up: “YHWH had commanded to frustrate the good counsel of Ahithophel, so that YHWH could bring harm upon Absalom.” i have already noted that the accounts of royal councils in 1 Kings 12 and 22 involve rival counsels, just as happens in the mt version of Absalom’s war council. there is the further parallel that in all three narratives the outcome is attributed directly to divine intervention: “this turn of events was from YHWH, to fulfil the word YHWH had spoken to Jeroboam son of Nebat through Ahijah the Shilonite” (1 Kings 12:15; compare “this is my doing”, verse 24); “YHWH has put a lying spirit in the mouths of all these prophets of yours. YHWH has decreed disaster for you” (1 Kings 22:23). the suspect theological statement in 2 Samuel 17:14 is just as integral to the narrative in which it appears: “YHWH had commanded to frustrate the good counsel of Ahithophel, so that YHWH could bring harm upon Absalom.” ..."
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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