The Memphite Theology

The Shabaka Stone
Ancient Near East

Sight, hearing, breathing - they report to the heart, and it makes every understanding come forth. As to the tongue, it repeats what the heart has devised. Thus all the gods were born and Ptah's Ennead was completed. For every word of the god came about through what the heart devised and the tongue commanded. Thus all the faculties were made and all the qualities determined, they that make all foods and all provisions, through this word, to him who does what is loved, to him who does what is hated. Thus life is given to the peaceful and death is given to the criminal. Thus all labor, all crafts are made, the action of the hands, the motion of the legs, the movements of all the limbs, according to this command which is devised by the heart and comes forth on the tongue and creates the performance of every thing. Thus it is said of Ptah: He who made all and created the gods. And he is Tatenen, who gave birth to the gods, and from whom everything came forth, foods, provisions, divine offerings, all good things. Thus is recognized and understood that he is the mightiest of the gods. Thus Ptah was satisfied after he had made all things and all divine words.

Genesis 1:3

Hebrew Bible

1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 Now the earth was without shape and empty, and darkness was over the surface of the watery deep, but the Spirit of God was hovering11 over the surface of the water. 3 God said, “Let there be light.” And there was light! 4 God saw that the light was good, so God separated the light from the darkness.

 Notes and References

"... The most striking facet of the Memphite Theology in comparison with the biblical text is that Ptah, like YHWH, is said to create by means of the spoken word: “according to this command which is devised by the heart and comes forth on the tongue and creates the performance of every thing.” Egyptian creation accounts (like many other aspects of Egyptian religion) are founded on dualities: male-female, earth-sky, water-dry land, and so forth. Another duality might be perceived in the distinction between Ptah’s conceptualization of all things in his mind (or “heart”), and their subsequent creation—i.e., between concept and reality. Something similar may be alluded to in the biblical affirmations that “God saw that it was good” (Genesis 1:4, 10, 12, 18, 21, 25, 31)—presumably the creation is being judged good in light of the divine purposes ..."

Hays, Christopher B. Hidden Riches: A Sourcebook for the Comparative Study of the Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East (p. 66) Westminster John Knox Press, 2014

 User Comments

Hopefully you will find some of this knowledge helpful:
...

David Green, August 27, 2024, 1:08 am

Do you have questions or comments about these texts? Please submit them here.