Texts in Conversation
1 Corinthians refers to those who call on the name of the Lord, echoing Joel’s promise to those who will be rescued. This represents one of the earliest known uses of Joel, incorporating its prophetic and apocalyptic language.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
LXX Joel 3:5
Septuagint
3 And I will show wonders in heaven, and upon the earth, blood, and fire, and vapor of smoke. 4 The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious day of the Lord comes. 5 And whoever calls on the name of the Lord will be saved: for in mount Zion and in Jerusalem the saved one will be as the Lord has said, and those who have good news preached to them, whom the Lord has called.
Date: 100–1 BCE (based on scholarly estimates)
1 Corinthians 1:2
New Testament
1 From Paul, called to be an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Sosthenes, our brother, 2 to the church of God that is in Corinth, to those who are sanctified in Christ Jesus, and called to be saints, with all those in every place who call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, their Lord and ours. 3 Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ!
Date: 55–57 CE (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... The earliest reuse of Joel appears in the New Testament. Romans 10:13 and 1 Corinthians 1:2 use unmarked citations of Joel 3:5a [2:32] to buttress a claim that salvation is universally available, while Acts 10:45 and Titus 3:6 allude to Joel 3:1 in referring to Pentecost a precursor of the gift of the Spirit to Gentiles. Beyond these, some dystopian eschatological scenarios utilize Joel’s descriptions of harvest (Mark 4:29 / Joel 4:13a), the darkening of sun, moon and stars (Mark 13:24 / Matt 24:29 / Joel 2:10), the moon turning to blood (Revelation 6:12 / Joel 2:10; 3:4), and the plague of locusts (Revelation 9:7–9 / Joel 2:4–5b) ..."
Ronald L Troxel, Joel: Scope, Genre(s), and Meaning (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2015), 3.
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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