"... the Fragments Targum was consciously composed as a collection of variants, by rabbis whose primary language (and whose community's primary language) had ceased - essentially since the Arabic conquests - to be Aramaic. It would be odd not to find later (sometimes esoteric) conceptions developed within it. On the other hand, we also may not assume that the Fragments Targum simply inflates prior developments such as are reflected in Neofiti, since the reference of Deuteronomy 33:24 does not appear there, although the haggadah does (in the Vatican manuscripts). In the same connection, it should be pointed out that the Targum called Pseudo-Jonathan, from the seventh century, does not preserve most of the references cited above, although it does present analogous renderings at Exodus 1:19; Deuteronomy 32:6, and an innovative usage at Deuteronomy 28:32, 33, where it is a question of praying to God with good works in one's hands for release in judgment. Clearly, as we come to later sources, there is a tendency both to embellish and to qualify the notion of God as 'father' ..."