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Proverbs 11 describes wisdom as essential for stability, teaching that people prosper when guided by many wise leaders. The Wisdom of Solomon builds on this by portraying a wise ruler and wise people as the foundation of a nation’s stability.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
Proverbs 11:14
Hebrew Bible
12 The one who denounces his neighbor lacks sense, but a discerning person keeps silent. 13 The one who goes about slandering others reveals secrets, but the one who is trustworthy conceals a matter. 14 When there is no guidance a nation falls, but there is success in the abundance of counselors. 15 The one who has put up security for a stranger will surely have trouble, but whoever avoids shaking hands is secure. 16 A generous woman gains honor, and ruthless men seize wealth.
Date: 600–201 BCE (based on scholarly estimates)
Wisdom of Solomon 6:24
Deuterocanon
22 But what wisdom is, and how she came into being, I will declare. I won’t hide mysteries from you; but I will explore from her first beginning, bring the knowledge of her into clear light, and I will not pass by the truth. 23 Indeed, I won’t travel with consuming envy, because envy will have no fellowship with wisdom. 24 But a multitude of wise men is salvation to the world, and an understanding king is stability for his people. 25 Therefore be instructed by my words, and you will profit.
Date: 50 BCE – 50 CE (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... The sage will thus enjoy repute among the masses and honor among the elders, in spite of youth (Wisdom of Solomon 8:10). Admired and honored by rulers, who will seek the sage's advice, the sage will, in fact, join their ranks as governor of peoples and nations (Wisdom of Solomon 8:11-12, 14; 6:20; 10:14). The sage will secure wealth and great renown, will be courageous in war, and will exercise the mastery of elocutionary skill (Wisdom of Solomon 8:6, 12, 15:18). Realizing that wisdom is an inexhaustible for humanity, the sage will freely and unstintingly share it with others (Wisdom of Solomon 6:23, 'The sage is the stability of the people, and in the ensemble such individuals constitute the salvation of the world' (Wisdom of Solomon 6:24; compare 9:18). Finally, becoming a friend and prophet of God and learning the divine pleasure, the sage will have rest, cheer, and joy, and above all the supernatural gift of immortality (Wisdom of Solomon 7:14, 8:16). In short, occupying the highest rungs of society, the sage will be a leader both at home and abroad, exercising compassion and humanity (Wisdom of Solomon 12:19; compare 1:6, 7:23), and administering the world in holiness and righteousness (Wisdom of Solomon 9:3). A brief comparison with several Jewish writings that exhibit an emphasis on wisdom similar to that in this book will help illuminate the latter's distinctive character. Aside from the books of Proverbs, Job, and Ben Sira, which have clearly influenced this author's portrayal of Wisdom as a female cosmic figure, another important source of inspiration for him was the strong emphasis on wisdom in 1 Enoch, although that book's insistence on wisdom's supernatural character has been adapted by him to a Platonist philosophical perspective ..."
David Winston, “The Sage as Mystic in the Wisdom of Solomon,” in The Sage in Israel and the Ancient Near East, ed. John G. Gammie and Leo G. Perdue (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1990), 383–398.
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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