Texts in Conversation
Ruth 4:17 records the birth of David in Bethlehem, with 1 Samuel 16:1 beginning the account of his anointing in the same town, linking the two narratives. Later tradition placed Ruth before Samuel to form a continuous history of Israel’s monarchy, with Ruth’s genealogy leading directly into the story of David’s rise.
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1 Samuel 16:1
Hebrew Bible
1 The Lord said to Samuel, “How long do you intend to mourn for Saul? I have rejected him as king over Israel. Fill your horn with olive oil and go. I am sending you to Jesse in Bethlehem, for I have selected a king for myself from among his sons.” 2 Samuel replied, “How can I go? Saul will hear about it and kill me!” But the Lord said, “Take a heifer with you and say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to the Lord.’ 3 Then invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show you what you should do. You will anoint for me the one I point out to you.”
Date: 6th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)
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Ruth 4:17
Hebrew Bible
15 He will encourage you and provide for you when you are old, for your daughter-in-law, who loves you, has given him birth. She is better to you than seven sons!” 16 Naomi took the child and placed him on her lap; she became his caregiver. 17 The neighbor women gave him a name, saying, “A son has been born to Naomi.” They named him Obed. Now he became the father of Jesse—David’s father. 18 These are the descendants of Perez: Perez was the father of Hezron, 19 Hezron was the father of Ram, Ram was the father of Amminadab,
Date: 3rd Century B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... In the Septuagint, upon which the Vulgate and consequently all Christian translations of the Old Testament are dependent, the Books of Joshua through Kings come to be understood as existing in permanent proximity to the Torah and to be clearly disassociated from the writing prophets. These latter texts are sometimes even placed at the end of the canon and judged to be eschatological. By contrast, the perception of the Books of Joshua through Kings increasingly come to be understood as an authoritative description of history. This becomes evident in different ways. The most important way is the unified designation of the Books of Samuel through Kings as the βασιλειvν “(Books of) Kingdoms,” or in the Vulgate as Regum “([Books of] Kings).” The four books which are sequentially numbered and grouped together in this way are perceived as a whole as the history of the monarchy in Israel. Numbering these writings as four distinct books was not at home in the Hebrew tradition. It has been appropriated for the first time in the 15th and 16th century. During this time, Samuel and Kings are divided into two separate books each. In order to bring together and complete the history of Israel, the Septuagint, and occasionally also the Hebraic tradition, has added the Book of Ruth (compare the genealogy of David, Ruth 4:17–22) and caused to follow the literature of Chronicles as well as Esther, Judith, Tobit, and the Books of Maccabees. In this manner, a tradition complex has originated for the history of Israel in the Septuagint and its dependent translations. The theological profile for this tradition complex clearly is to distinguish it from the “Former Prophets” of the Hebrew Bible ..."
Birch, Bruce C.
"Old Testament Ethics" in Perdue, Leo G. (ed.) The Blackwell Companion to the Hebrew Bible
(pp. 293-307) Wiley-Blackwell, 2001
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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