Joel 1:12

Hebrew Bible

10 The crops of the fields have been destroyed. The ground is in mourning because the grain has perished. The fresh wine has dried up; the olive oil languishes. 11 Be distressed, farmers; wail, vinedressers, over the wheat and the barley. For the harvest of the field has perished. 12 The vine has dried up; the fig tree languishes—the pomegranate, date, and apple as well. In fact, all the trees of the field have dried up. Indeed, the joy of the people has dried up! 13 Get dressed and lament, you priests. Wail, you who minister at the altar. Come, spend the night in sackcloth, you servants of my God, because no one brings grain offerings or drink offerings to the temple of your God anymore. 14 Announce a holy fast; proclaim a sacred assembly. Gather the elders and all the inhabitants of the land to the temple of the Lord your God, and cry out to the Lord.

Haggai 2:19

Hebrew Bible

17 I struck all the products of your labor with blight, disease, and hail, and yet you brought nothing to me,’ says the Lord. 18 ‘Think carefully about the past: from today, the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month, to the day work on the temple of the Lord was resumed, think about it. 19 The seed is still in the storehouse, isn’t it? And the vine, fig tree, pomegranate, and olive tree have not produced. Nevertheless, from today on I will bless you.’” 20 Then the Lord spoke to Haggai a second time on the twenty-fourth day of the month: 21 “Tell Zerubbabel governor of Judah: ‘I am ready to shake the sky and the earth.

 Notes and References

"... My working assumption was that Zechariah 1–2 and Joel 2 come from the same early post-exilic milieu. Now, with the evidence of these parallels before us, we are able to draw some conclusion about the relative priority of these two texts. The fact that the there is a sustained allusion to Joel 2 that fits the patterns of the other sustained allusions in Zechariah 1–2 suggests that Zechariah 1–2 is the later work. This conclusion is borne out by a comparison of the context and tone of each book. On the whole, Joel appears to be more reserved and uncertain about the future, whereas Zechariah 1–2 is more confident about the future. Joel asks “Who knows if Yahweh will return?,” against which Zechariah 1:16 declares “Yahweh is returning” (or “has returned”). Similarly, Joel 1:12 describes a negative “before” picture, against which Haggai 2:19 gives a much brighter prognosis for the future. In Joel 2:17–19, the nation is still an “object of scorn,” which corresponds to the situation to which Zechariah 1:13 speaks. For these reasons, I come to the conclusion that Joel 2 is an intertext used by Zechariah 1–2. Conrad also lists Joel 2 as a significant intertext of Zechariah 1 ..."

Stead, Michael R. The Intertextuality of Zechariah 1-8 (p. 98) T&T Clark, 2009

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