"... the idea of “enduring” pottery makes little sense—it is unclear what it would mean to “endure” a clay vessel. Such a reading is even more problematic in the context of Paul’s larger argument, as highlighted by John Battle’s complaint: It is difficult to account for the expression Paul uses: God bears with much longsuffering unbelieving Jews, who are fitted for destruction. How does this patience toward the Jews display God’s wrath or power? Would it not be better to say: he judges, punishes, or oppresses vessels of wrath? Μὴ γένοιτο! On the contrary, rather than deriving the sense of ἤνεγκεν from the nearby μακροθυμίᾳ, it helps to recognize that Paul has lifted this phrase—including the verb he nowhere else uses—from Jer 27:25 LXX (MT 50:25), in which God brings out his instruments of wrath with which he will destroy the land of the Chaldeans. The language here is as close to a direct quotation of scripture as appears in 9:19–24 ..."