Texts in Conversation
Daniel presents Michael the archangel as the heavenly protector and patron who comes to Israel's rescue during a time of distress. Revelation echoes this depiction as Michael leading a battle in heaven against the dragon.
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Daniel 12:1
Hebrew Bible
1 “At that time Michael, the great prince who watches over your people, will arise. There will be a time of distress unlike any other from the nation’s beginning up to that time. But at that time your own people, all those whose names are found written in the book, will escape. 2 Many of those who sleep in the dusty ground will awake—some to everlasting life, and others to shame and everlasting abhorrence. 3 But the wise will shine like the brightness of the heavenly expanse. And those bringing many to righteousness will be like the stars forever and ever.
Date: 2nd Century B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Revelation 12:7
New Testament
5 So the woman gave birth to a son, a male child, who is going to rule over all the nations with an iron rod. Her child was suddenly caught up to God and to his throne, 6 and she fled into the wilderness where a place had been prepared for her by God, so she could be taken care of for 1,260 days. 7 Then war broke out in heaven: Michael and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his angels fought back. 8 But the dragon was not strong enough to prevail, so there was no longer any place left in heaven for him and his angels. 9 So that huge dragon—the ancient serpent, the one called the devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world—was thrown down to the earth, and his angels along with him.
Date: 92-96 C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... The mention of the "saints" together with the "overcoming" Lamb in 17:14 indicates that they are part of the ironic contrast, as would naturally follow from Daniel 7:21. In fact, the repeated motif of the saints' 'overcoming' throughout Revelation may also originate, in part, from John's ironic understanding of Daniel 7:21. This receives further confirmation from Revelation 12:7-8, where the ironic use of Daniel 7:21 as applied to the heavenly "overcoming" of Michael and his angels is directly associated with the earthly "overcoming" by the saints of the dragon "because of the blood of the Lamb and because of the word of their testimony, and they did not love their life unto death" (Revelation 12:11) ..."
Beale, G. K.
The Use of Daniel in Jewish Apocalyptic Literature and in the Revelation of St. John
(p. 303) Wipf & Stock, 1984
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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