Genesis 34:14
Hebrew Bible
13 Jacob’s sons answered Shechem and his father Hamor deceitfully when they spoke because Shechem had violated their sister Dinah. 14 They said to them, “We cannot give our sister to a man who is not circumcised, for it would be a disgrace to us. 15 We will give you our consent on this one condition: You must become like us by circumcising all your males.
Date: 5th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)
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Joshua 5:9
Hebrew Bible
7 He replaced them with their sons, whom Joshua circumcised. They were uncircumcised; their fathers had not circumcised them along the way. 8 When all the men had been circumcised, they stayed there in the camp until they had healed. 9 The Lord said to Joshua, “Today I have taken away the disgrace of Egypt from you.” So that place is called Gilgal even to this day. 10 So the Israelites camped in Gilgal and celebrated the Passover in the evening of the fourteenth day of the month in the rift valley plains of Jericho.
Date: 6th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)
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Texts in Conversation
Joshua 5:9 echoes Genesis 34:14 through the shared use of the term “disgrace” in connection with circumcision. In Genesis, Jacob’s sons call uncircumcision a disgrace while deceiving Shechem and in Joshua the Israelites’ circumcision removes the “disgrace of Egypt,” a possible reference to a distinct form of Egyptian circumcision.
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Notes and References
"... Another body of evidence is the presence of numerous cases of repeated prose images. A scene that is pictured in one story recurs in another part of the collection, along with some recurring word or phrase to confirm that the parallel pictures are related ... Both the deathbed scene of Jacob in Genesis and the deathbed scene of David in the Court History picture the father bowing on his bed to his own son (Genesis 47:31; 1 Kings 1:47). The J story of Shechem (Genesis 34:24) and the Joshua story of the Israelites’ arrival in the land (Joshua 5:8) both depict cases of men sitting and healing after circumcision; and both refer to the absence of circumcision as “a disgrace” (Genesis 34:14; Joshua 5:9). There are two scenes in which women enable men to escape when they are being sought by a king’s guards - a prostitute, Rahab, thus saves two spies whom Joshua sends into Jericho; and David’s wife Michal thus saves him from King Saul in the Court History—and both women are pictured as saving the men in the same manner and in the same wording: “And she let them down by a rope through the window” (Joshua 2:15; 1 Samuel 19:12) ..."
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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