Exodus 34:6
Hebrew Bible
4 So Moses cut out two tablets of stone like the first; early in the morning he went up to Mount Sinai, just as the Lord had commanded him, and he took in his hand the two tablets of stone. 5 The Lord descended in the cloud and stood with him there and proclaimed the Lord by name. 6 The Lord passed by before him and proclaimed: “The Lord, the Lord, the compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger, and abounding in loyal love and faithfulness, 7 keeping loyal love for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin. But he by no means leaves the guilty unpunished, responding to the transgression of fathers by dealing with children and children’s children, to the third and fourth generation.” 8 Moses quickly bowed to the ground and worshiped
Date: 5th Century B.C.E. (Final composition) (based on scholarly estimates)
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Nehemiah 9:17
Hebrew Bible
15 You provided bread from heaven for them in their time of hunger, and you brought forth water from the rock for them in their time of thirst. You told them to enter in order to possess the land that you had sworn to give them. 16 “But they—our ancestors—behaved presumptuously; they rebelled and did not obey your commandments. 17 They refused to obey and did not recall your miracles that you had performed among them. Instead, they rebelled and appointed a leader to return to their bondage in Egypt. But you are a God of forgiveness, merciful and compassionate, slow to get angry and unfailing in your loyal love. You did not abandon them, 18 even when they made a cast image of a calf for themselves and said, ‘This is your God who brought you up from Egypt,’ or when they committed atrocious blasphemies. 19 “Due to your great compassion you did not abandon them in the wilderness. The pillar of cloud did not stop guiding them in the path by day, nor did the pillar of fire stop illuminating for them by night the path on which they should travel.
Date: 4th Century B.C.E. (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... If Nehemiah 9:17 is read with Exodus 34:6–7, then it is clear that only the first part of the latter is alluded to by the former. The order of the first two adjectives in Exodus 34:6 is reversed in Nehemiah 9:17 ... In Exodus 34:6–7, the divine attributes are preceded by a twofold repetition of the Tetragrammaton whereas in Nehemiah 9:17 they are preceded by an affirmation directed to YHWH considering his forgiving ְnature. Newman observes that both serve to stress to an even greater extent the merciful aspects of God: God forgives and God did not abandon the Israelites.” Newman says nothing more about these two modifications. Duggan suggests that the use probably reflects the influence of the prayer of Moses in Numbers 14:18–20, especially verse 19, which petitions for God’s pardon or forgiveness ..."
Vincent, Kean Hong
Scripture and Its Readers: Readings of Israel's Story in Nehemiah 9:6-37, Ezekiel 20:5-31 and Acts 7:2-6
(pp. 120-121) Durham University, 2011
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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