"... A third area of contemporization is the mention of historical events, especially as a fulfillment of prophecy. This is comparatively rare in the Targums. Although the targumists did not hesitate to read the religious ideas and practices of their own times back into the biblical text, they were apparently more reluctant to do this with history and politics. Hence the few references in the Targums to extrabiblical people and occurrences gain added importance for what they might tell us about the time of the Targums’ composition and redaction. But even these texts present problems of interpretation; as Robert Gordon notes, “‘historical’ references in the Targums can be extremely difficult to pin down in a precise chronological way.” For instance, Deuteronomy 33:11 contains a blessing on the tribe of Levi, which ends, “Let his enemies rise no more.” The Targums generally translate this clause literally; however, Pseudo-Jonathan. translates as follows: “Let there be for the enemies of Yohanan the high priest no foot on which to stand.” This clearly refers in a positive way to John Hyrcanus, the Hasmonean high priest of the Jewish state from 135 to 104 BCE. This rendering, according to some, points to the high antiquity of this portion of the Targum. Still, “Yohanan the high priest” is known in the rabbinic literature (Mishnah Yad. 4:6) and is a heroic figure in the post-Talmudic Scroll of Antiochus. Therefore, according to others, this rendering is not necessarily contemporary with Hyrcanus ..."