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Jubilees incorporates apocalyptic language of renewal also found in 1 Enoch, describing long lifespans, peace, healing, and the removal of evil. This imagery reflects a wider tradition that is based on prophetic texts such as Isaiah.
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2500 BCE
1000+ CE
1 Enoch 5:7
Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
6 In those days, your names will become a curse forever to all the righteous, and all who curse will use your name, and all the sinners and the godless will swear by your name. And all the righteous will rejoice, and there will be forgiveness of sins, and every kind of mercy and peace and tolerance: There will be salvation for them, a splendid light. And for you sinners, there will be no salvation, but a curse will remain on you all. 7 And for you, the godless, there will be a curse. But for the chosen, there will be light, joy, and peace, and they shall inherit the earth. 8 And then wisdom will be granted to the chosen, and they will all live and never sin again, neither through ungodliness nor through pride; but those who are wise will be humble.
Date: 300 BCE – 100 CE (based on scholarly estimates)
Jubilees 23:29
Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
27 And the days shall begin to grow many and increase among those human beings Until their days approach to one thousand years. And to a greater number of years than (before) was the number of the days. 28 And there shall be no old man Nor one who has reached the end of his life, For all shall be (as) children and youths. 29 And they shall complete all their days and live in peace and in joy, And there shall be no Satan nor any evil destroyer; For all their days shall be days of blessing and healing. 30 And at that time the Lord will heal His servants, And they shall rise up and see great peace, And drive out their adversaries. And the righteous shall see and be thankful, And rejoice with joy forever and ever, And shall see all their judgments and all their curses on their enemies.
Date: 170–125 BCE (based on scholarly estimates)
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Notes and References
"... As we have seen, the reason for the world being out of joint is in many instances human sin. There is a solidarity between humanity and the natural world, and human sin profoundly affects the creation. Consequently, cosmic transformation or new creation requires human transformation. This is reflected in a number of the texts (1 Enoch 5:4-10, Jubilees 23:26-31, 4 Ezra 6:25-28, 2 Baruch 73:1-7). The most common feature of the apocalypses is the vision of the imminent judgment of the wicked and the world. This judgment is often described in terms reminiscent of the flood story in Genesis (1 Enoch 10:16-11:2; 107:1-3, LAE 49:3, LAB 3:10). The imagery most commonly applies to the description of the high degree of wickedness in the end time similar to that at the time of the flood. Sometimes, however, the flood serves as a type of new creation or renewal of the world. In these passages, the flood not only functions as a judgment but also brings renewal and the cleansing of the world ... The renewal of the world involves the absence of evil and suffering, brings about healing and entails fertility and nutritional abundance. The absence of evil involves a conquering of the evil forces in the world. This aspect is especially important in Jubilees, where Satan and demons lead people astray and persuade them to sin (Jubilees 10:1-5; 11:4-5, 7-8; 15:31-32; 48:9-12, 15-18). They also cause physical illness (Jubilees 10:11-12). It is therefore an important point in the eschatological vision of Jubilee that “there will be no Satan and no evil one” (Jubilees 23:29) ..."
Christian Holmgaard, “On Earth as It Is in Heaven: New Creation in Matthew's Gospel” (PhD diss., Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2018), 83–84.
* The use of references are not endorsements of their contents. Please read the entirety of the provided reference(s) to understand the author's full intentions regarding the use of these texts.
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