Genesis 15:13
11 When birds of prey came down on the carcasses, Abram drove them away. 12 When the sun went down, Abram fell sound asleep, and great terror overwhelmed him. 13 Then the Lord said to Abram, “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a foreign country. They will be enslaved and oppressed for 400 years. 14 But I will execute judgment on the nation that they will serve. Afterward they will come out with many possessions. 15 But as for you, you will go to your ancestors in peace and be buried at a good old age.
Exodus 12:40
38 A mixed multitude also went up with them, and flocks and herds—a very large number of cattle. 39 They baked cakes of bread without yeast using the dough they had brought from Egypt, for it was made without yeast. Because they were thrust out of Egypt and were not able to delay, they could not prepare food for themselves either. 40 Now the length of time the Israelites lived in Egypt was 430 years. 41 At the end of the 430 years, on the very day, all the regiments of the Lord went out of the land of Egypt. 42 It was a night of vigil for the Lord to bring them out from the land of Egypt, and so on this night all Israel is to keep the vigil to the Lord for generations to come.
Notes and References
"... Genesis 15 has been characterized as “the most prominent bridge text in Genesis that serves as a literary connection between Genesis and Exodus”. The cross-references between the Abraham story and the exodus or Moses story are found in the second part of the chapter, mainly in Genesis 15:11‒17. The allusion to the exodus is underscored by the fact that verses 13‒16 are presented in the form of a divine speech announcing future events to Abraham. Genesis 15:13 foretells that Abraham’s offspring will experience a sojourn of four hundred years in a foreign land, associated with forced labor and oppression. The terms used for “forced labor” and “oppression” are found in the exodus story (Exodus 1:11, 13; 6:5). The reference to the “fourth generation” that YHWH will “bring back” (Genesis 15:16) seems to correspond to the genealogy of Moses (Numbers 26:58‒59). Nevertheless, there are some difficulties in connecting these passages readily to the exodus story: Exodus 12:40 refers to a sojourn of 430 years in Egypt, not of four hundred years as in Genesis 15:13 ... Both numbers are highly symbolic. Perhaps the “four hundred years” in Genesis 15:13 result from a wordplay with the number four in Genesis 15. The 430 years of Exodus 12:40 correspond to the regnal years of the kings of Israel and Judah. Thus, the time span before and after the erection of the temple under Solomon is identical. Both numbers (400/430) are evidently too high for the time of the sojourn in Egypt, and they correspond in no way to the idea of the four generations in Genesis 15:16. Therefore, the Septuagint and the Samaritan Pentateuch understand the 400/430 years as the whole period of time from Abraham to the Exodus ..."
Jericke, Detlef "Exodus Material in the Book of Genesis" in Berner, Christoph, et al. (eds.) Book-Seams in the Hexateuch I: The Literary Transitions between the Books of Genesis/Exodus and Joshua/Judges (pp. 137-156) Mohr Siebeck, 2018