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Summary

Date: 100 C.E.

The third letter of John, the shortest letter in the New Testament, is unique among the Johannine letters and books as it contains no moral or theological critiques. Rather, it deals with complex church relationships and rival authorities. It is directed to Gaius, who was likely a member of a local Johnannine community. Scholars are in general agreement that this letter was written not by John, but rather a member of the Johannine tradition.

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