4Q174

4QFlorilegium

Dead Sea Scrolls · 160 B.C.E. - 60 B.C.E.

This collection of texts assembled from 2 Samuel and the Psalter, and combined with other scriptural passages, serves to present the sectarian doctrine identifying the Community with the Temple, and to announce the coming of the two Messiahs, the ‘Branch of David’ and the ‘Interpreter of the Law’. Originating from Cave 4 and known also as ‘Florilegium’, it probably belongs to the late first century BCE. Based on the text provided by Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley, and Edward M. Cook.

Fragments 1-2 i

1 […] … enemy [… and no] son of iniquity [shall afflict him again] as at the first, and from the day when 2 [I appointed judges] over my people Israel.” This is the house that […] … [in] the last days, as it is written in the book of 3 [Moses, “The sanctuary, O Lord, that] your hands established. The LORD will reign forever and ever.” This is the house into which shall not enter 4 […] forever, nor an Ammonite, nor a Moabite, nor a bastard, nor a foreigner, nor a sojourner, forever, for my holy ones are there. 5 … […] forever; continually it will be seen over it. And strangers shall not make it desolate again, as they formerly made desolate 6 the sanctuary of Israel because of their sin. [1]And he said to build for him a sanctuary of man, for there to be in it those who send up in smoke to him, 7 before him, works of the Torah. And as for what he said to David, “I [will give] you [rest] from all your enemies”: that he will give them rest from all 8 the sons of Belial who make them stumble, to destroy them … as they came with a plan of Belial to make the sons of 9 light stumble, and to plot wicked plots against them, to … his soul for Belial in their … error. 10 And the LORD declares to you that he will build you a house. “And I will raise up your seed after you, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom 11 forever. I will be a father to him, and he will be a son to me.” [2]This is the branch of David, who arises with the interpreter of the Torah, who 12 […] in Zion in the last days, [3]as it is written, “And I will raise up the booth of David that is fallen.” This is the booth of 13 David that is fallen, who will arise to save Israel. 14 Midrash of “Blessed is the man who has not walked in the counsel of the wicked.” The interpretation of the matter […] those who turn aside from the way of […] 15 as it is written in the book of Isaiah the prophet for the last days, “And it was as with a strong [hand, and he turned me aside from walking in the way of] 16 this people.” And they are the ones about whom it is written in the book of Ezekiel the prophet, that “they shall [not defile themselves any more] 17 with their idols.” They are the sons of Zadok and the men of their counsel … after them to the council of the community. 18 [“Why do] the nations [rage] and the peoples plot [emptiness? The kings of the earth] take their stand, and rulers conspire together against the LORD and against 19 [his anointed.” The] interpretation of the matter [… the] nations, and … […] the chosen ones of Israel in the last days.

Fragments 1-3 ii

1 [4]That is the time of refining that is [coming …] Judah, to complete […] 2 Belial. And there will remain … […] … lot. And they will do all the Torah […] 3 Moses. That is the … [… as] it is written in the book of Daniel the prophet, “The wicked will act [wickedly …] 4 the righteous [… will be made] white and refined, and a people who know God will hold firm.” They … […] … […] after the … […] which to them … […] 5 […] … when he comes down from […] 6 […] … […]

Fragment 4

1 […] those who swallow up the offspring of 2 […] bearing a grudge against them in their zeal 3 […] That is the time when Belial will open 4 […] against the house of Judah hard things, to bear enmity toward them 5 […] and he will seek with all his strength to scatter them 6 […] … brought them to be 7 […] Judah and to Israel …

Fragment 5

1 […] … as … […] 2 […] Israel and Aaron […] 3 […] know that he is … […] 4 […] … among all the prophets […] 5 […] … […]

Fragments 6-7

1 […] … to destroy the horn of […] 2 […] 3 [“And of Levi he said, ‘Your Thummim and your Urim belong to your faithful one, whom] you tested [at Massah; you contended] with him at the waters of Meribah, who said 4 [of his father and of his mother, I have not seen him. His brothers he did not acknowledge, and his sons he did not] know. For [they kept your word] and your covenant [they guarded.] 5 [They shall teach your judgments to Jacob and your Torah to Israel. They shall set incense] before you and a whole offering on your altar. [Bless, O LORD, his strength, and the work of] 6 [his hands accept. Crush the loins of his adversaries, and those who hate him, so that they do not] rise.’” 7 [… the] Urim and the Thummim belong to the man […] 8 […] … […]

Fragment 8

1 […] which … […] 2 […] land, for … […] 3 [… of Benjamin he] said, “The beloved of the [LORD …]

Fragments 9-10

1 and the shouting […] … the sacrifice of righteousness […] 2 the good of the [land …] 3 And of Gad he [said, “Blessed is he who enlarges Gad. Like a lion he dwells, and he tears arm and scalp. He saw the best for himself, for there was the portion of] 4 a commander [reserved. And he came with the heads of the people; he carried out the righteousness of the LORD, and his judgments with Israel.” … Its interpretation] 5 concerns the captives of […] 6 to deliver […]

Fragment 11

1 […] reserved … […] 2 […] all that he commanded us; they did all […]

Fragment 12

1 […] … […] 2 […] all […] 3 […] … […] 4 […] not […] 5 […] … […]

Fragment 13

1 … […] 2 … […] 3 the matter […]

Fragment 14

1 […] … […] 2 […] for the last … […] 3 […] for they […]

Fragment 15

1 […] … […] 2 […] … my people […] 3 […] … for the seed of […]

Fragment 16

1 […] … […] 2 […] … […] 3 […] and lightnings of […] 4 […] … […]

Fragment 17

1 […] lot […] 2 […] … the … […] 3 […] … upon it […] 4 […] … […]

Fragment 18

1 […] … […] 2 […] … […] 3 […] … […]

Fragment 19

1 […] … […] 2 […] they … […]

Fragment 20

1 […] … all […]

Fragment 21

1 […] the LORD … […] 2 […] … […]

Fragment 22

1 […] … 2 […] … together.

Fragment 23

1 […] … interpreter of […]

Fragment 24

1 […] … […] 2 […] refining […]

Fragment 25

1 […] … […] 2 […] for his name […] 3 […] … […]

Fragment 26

1 […] … […] 2 […] … […]

Glossary