Zechariah 12:3

Hebrew Bible

1 This is an oracle, the Lord’s message concerning Israel: The Lord—he who stretches out the heavens and lays the foundations of the earth, who forms the human spirit within a person—says, 2 “I am about to make Jerusalem a cup that brings dizziness to all the surrounding nations; indeed, Judah will also be included when Jerusalem is besieged. 3 Moreover, on that day I will make Jerusalem a heavy burden for all the nations, and all who try to carry it will be seriously injured; yet all the peoples of the earth will be assembled against it. 4 On that day,” says the Lord, “I will strike every horse with confusion and its rider with madness. I will pay close attention to the house of Judah, but will strike all the horses of the nations with blindness.

1 Enoch 56:7

Pseudepigrapha

5 And in those days the angels shall return And hurl themselves to the east upon the Parthians and Medes: They shall stir up the kings, so that a spirit of unrest shall come upon them, And they shall rouse them from their thrones, That they may break forth as lions from their lairs, And as hungry wolves among their flocks. 6 And they shall go up and tread under foot the land of His elect ones, [And the land of His elect ones shall be before them a threshing-floor and a highway:] 7 But the city of my righteous shall be a hindrance to their horses. And they shall begin to fight among themselves, And their right hand shall be strong against themselves, And a man shall not know his brother, Nor a son his father or his mother, Till there be no number of the corpses through their slaughter, And their punishment be not in vain.

 Notes and References

"... Although the names Gog and Magog are not used in 1 Enoch 56:5–8, the enemy in Ezekiel’s Gog-oracles is identified as “the Parthians and the Medes.” The indebtedness of this section to Ezekiel 38–39 is universally recognized. The section is possibly eschatological, looking forward to a future attack ... Gog and Magog are found in several places in the Targums. For Targum Ezekiel 38–39 Gog is Rome. Various Targums to Numbers 11:26 speak of Eldad’s and Medad’s prophecies about Gog and Magog and their defeat by the Messiah. Pseudo-Jonathan attributes the defeat to God’s own direct intervention. The Targums vary in their expectations of one or more Messiahs and on the relationship between him/them and Gog. Gog and Magog references are introduced in many different contexts (relating to Zechariah 12:10; Isaiah 10:32; 33:22; Esther 5:1; Song of Solomon 8:4), suggesting a wide interest and familiarity with Gog and Magog expectations in the formative years of the Targums ..."

Theocharous, Myrto Lexical Dependence and Intertextual Allusion in the Septuagint of the Twelve Prophets: Studies in Hosea, Amos and Micah (pp. 251-252) T&T Clark, 2012

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