Exodus 23:20

Hebrew Bible

18 “You must not offer the blood of my sacrifice with bread containing yeast; the fat of my festal sacrifice must not remain until morning. 19 The first of the firstfruits of your soil you must bring to the house of the Lord your God. “You must not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk. 20I am going to send a messenger before you to protect you as you journey and to bring you into the place that I have prepared. 21 Take heed because of him, and obey his voice; do not rebel against him, for he will not pardon your transgressions, for my Name is in him. 22 But if you diligently obey him and do all that I command, then I will be an enemy to your enemies, and I will be an adversary to your adversaries.

Isaiah 63:9

Hebrew Bible

7 I will tell of the faithful acts of the Lord, of the Lord’s praiseworthy deeds. I will tell about all the Lord did for us, the many good things he did for the family of Israel, because of his compassion and great faithfulness. 8 He said, “Certainly they will be my people, children who are not disloyal.” He became their deliverer. 9 Through all that they suffered, he suffered too. The messenger sent from his very presence delivered them. In his love and mercy he protected them; he lifted them up and carried them throughout ancient times. 10 But they rebelled and offended his Holy Spirit, so he turned into an enemy and fought against them. 11 His people remembered the ancient times. Where is the one who brought them up out of the sea, along with the shepherd of his flock? Where is the one who placed his Holy Spirit among them,

 Notes and References

"... Several texts contain only the briefest reference to an angel with no physical portrayal whatsoever. Genesis 24:7 and 40 refer to an angel sent before Abraham’s servant in the search for a wife for Isaac; Jacob mentions angelic protection in his blessing of Ephraim and Manasseh in Genesis 48:15-16; the angel of Yahweh curses Meroz in Judges 5:23; the old prophet in 1 Kings 13:18-19 lies to the man of God, saying that an angel spoke to him; Isaiah 18:2 contains the terse command, “go, swift angels”; and Psalm 34:8 proclaims that the angel of Yahweh “camps around those who fear him.” In some cases, these brief allusions to angels likely refer to the angel of the exodus. Isaiah 63:9 refers to Israel’s deliverance by “the angel of [God’s] presence.” Psalm 35:5-6 contains the psalmist’s prayer that the angel of the Lord would drive away his foes and pursue them. Psalm 78:49 contains a reference to a troop of deadly angels in the context of recalling the plagues, after a long remembrance of the exodus and wilderness ..."

Hamori, Esther J. When Gods Were Men: The Embodied God in Biblical and Near Eastern Literature (pp. 106-107) De Gruyter, 2008

 User Comments

Do you have questions or comments about these texts? Please submit them here.