Zechariah 3:1

Hebrew Bible

1 Next I saw Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the Lord, with Satan standing at his right hand to accuse him. 2 The Lord said to Satan, “May the Lord rebuke you, Satan! May the Lord, who has chosen Jerusalem, rebuke you! Isn’t this man like a burning stick snatched from the fire?” 3 Now Joshua was dressed in filthy clothes as he stood there before the angel.

1 Enoch 40:7

Pseudepigrapha

5 And the second voice I heard blessing the Elect One and the elect ones who depend on the Lord of Spirits. 6 And the third voice I heard pray and intercede for those who dwell on the earth and supplicate in the name of the Lord of Spirits. 7 And I heard the fourth voice fending off the Satans and forbidding them to come before the Lord of Spirits to accuse those who dwell on the earth. 8 After that, I asked the angel of peace who went with me, who showed me everything that is hidden: 'Who are these four presences which I have seen and whose words I have heard and written down?'

 Notes and References

"... In the Apocalypse, John portrays the world in such a way that Satan’s downfall inaugurates an irretrievable and categorical conflict. In addition, traditions that speak of the fall of Satan locate this event in primordial time. While it is not easy to discern John’s use of time in the Apocalypse, it is clear that the defeat of the Dragon and his angels is closely connected to the ascension and enthronement of Christ (Rev 12:5, 10) and the subsequent inauguration of the eschatological age. Jewish traditions also viewed Satan as one who has access to both the throne-room of God and the earth (Job 1:6–7; Zech 3:1; 1 Enoch 40:7). John, however, indicates that a definitive moment has occurred which limited his activity to the earthly realm (compare 1 Enoch 14:5). Furthermore, the Dragon is aware that the eschatological age has been inaugurated and he has only a limited time (Rev 12:12). The imagery of the Dragon being flung down to the earth and the knowledge of his impending doom is that of a wild animal cornered before it is killed, lashing out in a last attempt to inflict as much damage as possible ..."

Mathews, Mark D. Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (p. 191) Cambridge University Press, 2013

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